id="id101">
81
Gregory of Tours, De Cursu Stellarum, ed. B. Krusch, Monumenta Germaniae Historica I.2 (Hanover, 1969), 404–22; S. C. McCluskey, 'Gregory of Tours, Monastic Timekeeping, and Early Christian Attitudes to Astronomy,' Isis 81 (1990): 8–22. Самый ранний из сохранившихся манускриптов (Bamberg Staatsbibliothek MS Patres 61 (8th century), ff. 75v-82v) оцифрован: http:// DeCursuStellarum. 'Matters Arising', Nature 325 (1 January 1987): 87–89.
82
B. Brady, D. Gunzburg and F. Silva, 'The Orientation of Cistercian Churches in Wales: A Cultural Astronomy Case Study,' Cîteaux – Commentarii cistercienses 67 (2016): 275–302.
83
J.L. Heilbron, The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories, (Cambridge, MA, 2001).
84
Список постельных принадлежностей и других личных вещей, выдаваемых монахам в различных монастырях: Greatrex, English Benedictine Cathedral Priories (см. прим. 2), 58–60.
85
C.B. Drover, 'A Medieval Monastic Water-Clock,' Antiquarian Horology 1 (1954): 54–58 & 63.
86
Сейчас хранится в Архивах королевства Арагон в Барселоне. MS Ripoll 225, ff. 87r-93r, http://pares.mcu.es/ (Signatura: ACA, COLECCIONES, Manuscritos, Ripoll, 225). Text ed. J. M. Millás Vallicrosa, Assaig d'història de les idees físiques i matemàtiques a la Catalunya medieval, Estudis Universitaris Catalans: Sèrie monogràfica 1 (Barcelona, 1931), 316–318; tr. F. Maddison, B. Scott and A. Kent, 'An Early Medieval Water-Clock,' Antiquarian Horology 3 (1962): 348–353.
87
См., например, описание Страстной пятницы 1333 года, сделанное францисканским монахом: Cambridge University Library MS Hh.6.8, f. 124r; R. Bartlett, The Hanged Man: A Story of Miracle, Memory, and Colonialism in the Middle Ages (Princeton, 2006), 63–64.
88
'De utilitatibus astrolabii', MS Ripoll 225 (см. прим. 13), ff. 13v-14r, ed. N. Bubnov in Gerbert, Opera Mathematica (Berolini, 1899), 114–147, at 129–130. Хотя манускрипт из Риполя немного отличается от текстов, использованных Бубновым. Может, хотя это и маловероятно, автором был Герберт Орильякский, позже – папа Сильвестр II: см. C. Burnett, 'King Ptolemy and Alchandreus the Philosopher: The Earliest Texts on the Astrolabe and Arabic Astrology at Fleury, Micy and Chartres,' Annals of Science 55 (1998): 329–368, at 330.
89
Burnett, 'King Ptolemy and Alchandreus' (см. прим. 15).
90
Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS 111, pp. 47–48; ed. in J. Handschin, 'Hermannus Contractus-Legenden – nur Legenden?' Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur 72 (1935): 1–7; tr. in L. Ellinwood, ed., The Musica of Hermannus Contractus, rev. J. L. Snyder (Rochester, 2015), 166–167; W. Berschin, 'Ego Herimannus: Drei Fragen zur Biographie des Hermannus Contractus,' in Hermann der Lahme: Reichenauer Mönch und Universalgelehrter des 11. Jahrhunderts, ed. F. Heinzer and T. L. Zotz (Stuttgart, 2016), 19–24.
91
Копия XII века: Durham Cathedral Library MS C.III.24, https://iiif.durham.ac.uk/index.html?manifest=t2mw0892992f.
92
D. Juste, 'Hermann der Lahme und das Astrolab im Spiegel der neuesten Forschung,' in Hermann der Lahme: Reichenauer Mönch und Universalgelehrter des 11. Jahrhunderts, ed. F. Heinzer and T. L. Zotz (Stuttgart, 2016), 273–284.
93
Oxford, Bodl. MS Ashmole 304, f. 2v, http:// Ashmole304. See A. Iafrate, 'Of Stars and Men: Matthew Paris and the Illustrations of MS Ashmole 304,' Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 76 (2013): 139–177.
94
C. Eagleton, 'John Whethamsteade, Abbot of St. Albans, on the Discovery of the Liberal Arts and Their Tools: Or, Why Were Astronomical Instruments in Late-Medieval Libraries?' Mediaevalia 29 (2008): 109–136.
95
M. Arnaldi and K. Schaldach, 'A Roman Cylinder Dial: Witness to a Forgotten Tradition,' Journal for the History of Astronomy 28 (1997): 107–131; Juste, 'Hermann der Lahme und das Astrolab' (см. прим. 19), 278–82. C. Kren, 'The Traveler's Dial in the Late Middle Ages: The Chilinder,' Technology and Culture 18 (1977): 419–435.
96
Пер. И. Кашкина.
97
Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales: The Shipman's Tale, VII. 201–206.
98
The Rule of St Benedict, ed. T. Fry as RB 1980 (Collegeville, 1982), 41.1, p. 63.
99
Robertus Anglicus, commentary on Sacrobosco's De Sphera, XII. In L. Thorndike, ed., The Sphere of Sacrobosco and Its Commentators (Chicago, 1949), 185–186, 235–236.
100
A.A. Mills, 'Altitude Sundials for Seasonal and Equal Hours,' Annals of Science 53 (1996): 75–84.
101
Пер. И. Кашкина.
102
Palladius, On Husbondrie, VI. 225–228.
103
Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales: The Nun's Priest's Tale, VII. 2853–2857, 3187–3199. J. D. North, Chaucer's Universe (Oxford, 1988), 117–120.
104
GASA (см. прим. 3) 2: 280–281, 385.
105
Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS Français 19093, f. 5r, https://c.bnf.fr/xHR.
106
Роберт Английский, комментарий к тексту Сакробоско De Sphera, XI. Thorndike, The Sphere of Sacrobosco (см. прим. 25), 180, 230. L. White, Medieval Technology and Social Change (Oxford, 1962), 132–133; A. J. Cárdenas, 'A Learned King Enthralls Himself: Escapement and the Clock Mechanisms in Alfonso X's Libro del saber de astrologia,' in Constructions of time in the late Middle Ages, ed. C. Poster and R. Utz, Disputatio 2 (Evanston, 1997), 71–87.
107
Norwich Cathedral Priory, Camera Prioris, Roll no. 3, cited in J. D. North, Richard of Wallingford: An Edition of His Writings (Oxford, 1976), 2: 316. J. North, God's Clockmaker: Richard of Wallingford and the Invention of Time (London, 2005), 153; C.F.C Beeson, English Church Clocks, 1280–1850 (London, 1971), 13–15.
108
Norfolk Record Office DCN 1/4/23 and 29; Beeson, English Church Clocks (см. прим. 32), 16–18, 104–105; Victoria County History of Norfolk (London, 1906), 2: 318.
109
J. Needham, Wang L. and D.J. de S. Price, Heavenly Clockwork: The Great Astronomical Clocks of Medieval China (Cambridge, 2nd ed. 1986).
110
North, God's Clockmaker (см. прим. 32), 175–181.
111
Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College MS 230 (116), ff. 116v, 11v-14v; D. J. Price, 'Two Medieval Texts on Astronomical Clocks', Antiquarian Horology 1 (1956), 156.
112
S.A. Bedini and F. R. Maddison, 'Mechanical Universe: The Astrarium of Giovanni de' Dondi,' Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 56, no. 5 (1966): 1–69, at 8.
113
Oxford, Bodl. MS Ashmole 1796, ff. 130r, 160r. The list of St Albans monks in 1380 is in the Book of Benefactors, London, BL MS Cotton Nero D.VII, ff. 81v-83v; edited in W. Dugdale, Monasticon Anglicanum, New Ed. ed. J. Caley, H. Ellis, and B. Bandinel (London, 1819), 2:
